Treatment of Hydrocephalus (Continued)

Are there any complications with this form of treatment?

Complications are usually caused either by  blockage of the system or by infection.  They are only occasionally due to mechanical failure of the valve.

The tube or catheter may become too short as the individual grows and an operation to lengthen it might be necessary.

Shunt Blockage

Symptoms usually develop gradually.  In some cases blockage shows itself in a gradual deterioration in overall performance.  Occasionally, symptoms are quite sudden and severe and may include headaches and vomiting.  Various tests can be carried out to confirm the diagnosis.  Medical advice should be sought if a shunt blockage is suspected.

If symptoms worsen rapidly, specialist attention-preferably at your neurosurgical unit-should be obtained.

Shunt Infection

Symptoms vary with the route of drainage.  In ventriculo-peritoneal shunts, the symptoms will often resemble those of blockage.  This is because the shunt becomes infected and the lower catheter is very often then sealed off by tissue.  There may be accompanying fever and abdominal pain or discomfort. The most usual timespan for infection to appear is soon after the operation to insert the shunt.

Various tests can be carried out for shunt infections and medical advice should always be sought if an infection is suspected.

Overdrainage

Symptoms of overdrainage are also similar to those of Hydrocephalus.  A severe headache, which is reduced when lying down, is a common symptom.