Why Does Spina Bifida Happen?

At present the cause is unknown.

The exact reasons why the tube develops incorrectly are not yet known but it is probably connected with both genetic and environmental factors.

Spina Bifida is a defect which is present at birth. In Britain, incidence varies from one area to another. Spina Bifida is only partially hereditary. However once there has been an affected pregnancy, there is an increased risk of further Spina Bifida pregnancies. The risk of an adult with Spina Bifida having a child with a similar condition is approximately 1 in 25. Consultation with a Genetic Counsellor can be arranged through your Genetic Practitioner to discuss the risk of Spina Bifida occuring.

However, we do know that taking folic acid supplements can reduce the risk of Spina Bifida in unborn babies. For families with no history of Spina Bifida the Department of Health recommends women take an "over the counter" dose of 400mcg daily. For families where there is a history of Spina Bifida, a higher prescription dose is needed.

A separate factsheet is available on Genetic Counselling from the Family Support Service